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In aged animals, the physiological functions of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) are reduced. Dietary intervention is necessary to re-activate GIT functions. The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of dietary combination of quercetin (Q) and vitamin E (VE) on the intestinal structure and barrier integrity in aged breeder chickens. A sum of 400 (65-wks-old) Tianfu breeder hens were randomly allotted into four (4) groups with four (4) replicates, and fed with basal diet; basal diet supplemented with 0.4g/kg of Q; basal diet supplemented with 0.2g/kg of VE; and basal diet supplemented with the combination of Q (0.4 g/kg) and VE (0.2 g/kg) for 14 weeks. At the end of the 14 th  week, serum and gut segments were collected from eight hens per group for analyses. The results showed that Q+VE exerted synergistic effects on intestinal morphology by promoting villi height and crypt depth (P &amp;lt; 0.05), as well as mitigated the intestinal inflammatory damage of the aged hens, but decreased the concentration of serum D-lactate and diamine oxidase; and increased the levels of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) and  Mucin-2  mRNA (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA expression of intestinal tight junction proteins including  occludin, ZO1 , and  claudin-1  was increased by Q+VE (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Moreover, Q+VE decreased the mRNA expression of the pro-inflammatory genes ( TNF-α, IL-6 , and  IL-1β ), and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory genes ( IL-10  and  IL-4 ) (P &amp;lt; 0.05). These results were consistent with the mRNA expression of  Bax  and  Bcl-2 . In addition, Q+VE protected the small intestinal tract from oxidative damage by increasing the levels of superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, catalase (P &amp;lt; 0.05), and the mRNA expression of  SOD1  and  GPx-2.  However, Q+VE decreased malondialdehyde levels in the intestine compared to the control (P &amp;lt; 0.05). These results indicated that dietary Q+VE improved intestinal function in aged breeder hens, by protecting the intestinal structure and integrity. Therefore, Q+VE could act as an anti-aging agent to elevate the physiological functions of the small intestine in chickens.

Supplementation of Dietary Quercetin and Vitamin E Promotes the Intestinal Structure and Immune Barrier Integrity in Aged Breeder Hens