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The transcription factor Related Orphan Receptor Alpha (RORα) plays an important role in regulating circadian rhythm, inflammation, metabolism and cellular development. Herein we show that in the absence of functional RORα in mice there is reduced susceptibility to LPS-induced endotoxic shock, with selective decreases in release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Treatment of mice with a RORα selective synthetic inhibitor also reduced the severity of LPS-induced endotoxemia. The reduction in responses in Rora deficient mice was associated with an alterations in metabolic and pro-inflammatory functions of macrophages, both  in vivo  peritoneal macrophages and  in vitro  generated bone marrow derived macrophages. Using LysM Cre  Rora  fl/sg  mice the reduced susceptibility to LPS was shown to be specific to  Rora  expression in the macrophages. This study identifies that  Rora -mediated regulation of macrophages impacts on the pro-inflammatory responses elicited by LPS.

Functions for Retinoic Acid-Related Orphan Receptor Alpha (RORα) in the Activation of Macrophages During Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Septic Shock