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Galectin-8 is a member of the galectin family that is involved in immune response against pathogens. However, the roles of fish galectin-8 during pathogen infection require comprehensive studies. In this study, a galectin-8 homolog (OnGal8-like, OnGal8-L) was characterized from Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ), and its roles in response to bacterial infection were analyzed. The  OnGal8-L  contains an open reading frame of 891 bp, encoding a peptide of 296 amino acids with two CRD regions of tandem-repeat galectin and two carbohydrate recognition sites. The  OnGal8-L  protein shares 46.42% identities with reported  Oreochromis niloticus  galectin-8 protein. Transcriptional expression analysis revealed that OnGal8-L was constitutively expressed in all examined tissues and was highly expressed in spleen. The transcript levels of OnGal8-L were up-regulated in the spleen, head kidney, and brain, following  Streptococcus agalactiae  ( S. agalactiae ) challenge. Further  in vitro  analysis indicated that the recombinant protein of OnGal8-L (rOnGal8L) could agglutinate erythrocyte,  S. agalactiae , and  A. hydrophila  and bind  S. agalactiae, A. hydrophila , and various PAMPs (lipopolysaccharides, lipoteichoic acid, poly I:C, peptidoglycan, galactose, mannose, and maltose). Also, rOnGal8L could regulate inflammatory-related gene expression, phagocytosis, and a respiratory burst of monocytes/macrophages. Moreover,  in vivo  analysis showed that OnGal8-L overexpression could protect  O. niloticus  from  S. agalactiae  infection through modulating serum antibacterial activity (AKP, ACP, and LZM), antioxidant capacity (CAT, POD, and SOD), and monocyte/macrophage proliferation and cytokine expression, as well as reducing bacterial burden and decreasing tissue damage. Our results collectively indicate that OnGal8-L plays important regulatory roles in immune response against bacterial infection.

Fish Galectin8-Like Exerts Positive Regulation on Immune Response Against Bacterial Infection