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Eriobotrya  (Rosaceae) is an economically important genus with around 30 species. It is widely distributed in tropical and warm temperate regions of Asia, with most of its species in China, Myanmar, and Vietnam. However,  Eriobotrya  is often confused with the smaller genus  Rhaphiolepis , and the phylogenetic relationships between the two genera are controversial. Here we present phylogenetic analyses of 38 newly generated  Eriobotrya  and  Rhaphiolepis  nrDNA together with 16 sequences of nrDNA and 28 sequences of ITS obtained from GenBank, representing 28 species of  Eriobotrya  and 12 species of  Rhaphiolepis , in order to reconstruct highly supported relationships for the two genera. Contrary to previous research based on limited sampling, our results highlight the monophyly of  Eriobotrya  as well as  Rhaphiolepis . The topology recovered here is consistent with key morphological synapomorphies such as the persistent sepals in  Eriobotrya . Our findings show that increased sampling of taxa can provide a more robust phylogeny through reducing phylogenetic error and increasing overall phylogenetic accuracy.

Increasing Taxa Sampling Provides New Insights on the Phylogenetic Relationship Between Eriobotrya and Rhaphiolepis