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Ubiquitin-protein ligase E3A (UBE3A) has dual functions as a E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and coactivator of nuclear hormone receptors. Mutations or deletions of the maternally inherited UBE3A gene cause Angelman syndrome. Here, we performed transcriptome profiling in the hippocampus of  Ube3a  m +/p+   and  Ube3a  m–/p +   mice, and determined that the expression of the retinoic acid (RA) signalling pathway was downregulated in Ube3a-deficient mice compared to WT mice. Furthermore, we demonstrated that UBE3A directly interacts with RARα and may function as a coactivator of the nuclear receptor RARα to participate in the regulation of gene expression. Loss of UBE3A expression caused the downregulation of the expression of RA-related genes, including  Erbb4, Dpysl3, Calb1, Pten , and  Arhgap5  in Ube3a  m–/p +  mice brain tissues. This work revealed a new role for UBE3A in regulating retinoic acid (RA) signalling downstream genes and hopefully to shed light on the potential drug target of AS.

Epilepsy-Associated UBE3A Deficiency Downregulates Retinoic Acid Signalling Pathway