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Background  Protein-coding gene LIM Domain Kinase 1 ( LIMK1 ) is upregulated in various tumors and reported to promote tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the prognostic values of  LIMK1  and correlation with immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma are still not understood. Therefore, we evaluated the prognostic role of  LIMK1  and its correlation with immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma.    Methods  Transcriptional expression profiles of  LIMK1  between lung adenocarcinoma tissues and normal tissues were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The LIMK1 protein expression was assessed by the Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) and the Human Protein Atlas. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to differentiate lung adenocarcinoma from adjacent normal tissues. Kaplan-Meier method was conducted to assess the effect of  LIMK1  on survival. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed by the STRING. Functional enrichment analyses were performed using the “ClusterProfiler” package. The relationship between  LIMK1  mRNA expression and immune infiltrates was determined by tumor immune estimation resource (TIMER) and tumor-immune system interaction database (TISIDB).    Results  The expression of  LIMK1  in lung adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly upregulated than those in adjacent normal tissues. Increased  LIMK1  mRNA expression was associated with lymph node metastases and high TNM stage. The ROC curve analysis showed that with a cutoff level of 4.908, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity for  LIMK1  differentiate lung adenocarcinoma from adjacent controls were 69.5, 93.2, and 71.9%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed lung adenocarcinoma patients with high-  LIMK1  had a worse prognosis than those with low-  LIMK1  (43.1 vs. 55.1 months,  P  = 0.028). Correlation analysis indicated  LIMK1  mRNA expression was correlated with tumor purity and immune infiltrates.    Conclusion  Upregulated  LIMK1  is significantly correlated with poor survival and immune infiltrates in lung adenocarcinoma. Our study suggests that  LIMK1  can be used as a biomarker of poor prognosis and potential immune therapy target in lung adenocarcinoma.

Upregulation of LIMK1 Is Correlated With Poor Prognosis and Immune Infiltrates in Lung Adenocarcinoma