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DnaJ, also known as Hsp40, plays important roles in maintaining the normal physiological state of an organism under stress conditions by mediating essential processes, such as protein synthesis, degradation, folding and metabolism. However, the exact functions of most DnaJ members are not fully understood in insects. Here, we identified three genes,  AccDnaJA1 ,  AccDnaJB12 , and  AccDnaJC8 , in  Apis cerana cerana  and explored their connection with the environmental stress response. Quantitative real-time PCR results showed that the mRNA levels of  AccDnaJA1 ,  AccDnaJB12 , and  AccDnaJC8  were all induced under cold, UV, H 2 O 2  and different pesticides treatment. The expression patterns of  AccDnaJB12  and  AccDnaJC8  were upregulated by CdCl 2  and HgCl 2  stress, while the transcriptional levels of  AccDnaJA1  were downregulated by CdCl 2  and HgCl 2  stress. Western blot findings further indicated that AccDnaJB12 protein levels were increased by some stress conditions. Knockdown of each of these three genes downregulated the transcriptional patterns of several stress response-related genes at different levels. Functional analysis further demonstrated that the resistance of  A. cerana cerana  to lambda-cyhalothrin stress was reduced with knockdown of  AccDnaJA1 ,  AccDnaJB12 , or  AccDnaJC8 , indicating that these three genes may be involved in the tolerance to this pesticide. Taken together, these findings indicate that  AccDnaJA1 ,  AccDnaJB12 , and  AccDnaJC8  may play pivotal roles in the stress response by facilitating honeybee survival under some adverse circumstances. To our knowledge, this is the first report that reveals the roles of DnaJ family proteins under different adverse circumstances in  A. cerana cerana .

Environmental Stress Responses of DnaJA1, DnaJB12 and DnaJC8 in Apis cerana cerana