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International audienceKeyfacetsoftheforagingecologyofseabirdsduringtheinter-breedingperiodstillremainpoorlyunderstoodbecauseofthedifficultyofstudyingthematsea,includingduringtheenergy-demandingmoltingstage.Here,theextenttowhichthreesympatricpetrels(Antarcticandthin-billedprions,andbluepetrel)fromthesubantarcticKerguelenIslandsmodifytheirforagingecologyduringmoltwasinvestigatedusingacombinationofcomplementarytools,namelyminiaturizedsaltwaterimmersiongeolocators(GLS)andtheisotopicmethod.Firstly,moltingbehaviorwasfirstcharacterizedinthebluepetrel,areferencespeciesthatisknowntorenewitsplumageinautumn.GLSandfeatherstableisotopes(13dCasaproxyofthebirds’foraginghabitat)indicatedthatthepost-breedingmoltofbluepetreloccurredinAntarcticwaters.Importantly,activityrecordersshowedthatmoltwasmarkedbyastrongpeakintimespentdailysittingonwater,whichthereafterdeclinedtolowervaluesduringtheremainingwintermonths.Secondly,thepeakintimespentsittingonwaterwasusedasaproxytocharacterizethecontrastedmoltstrategiesofthetwoprionspecies.Asbluepetrelsdemonstrated,thin-billedprionsmoltedduringthepost-breedingperiodincoldAntarcticwaterswheretheyfedprimarilyonlowtrophiclevelprey,mostlikelyAntarctickrill(15dNasaproxyofthebirds’diet).Bycontrast,Antarcticprionspresentedanunexpectedpre-breedingmoltoflongerdurationthattookplacefurthernorth,inwarmsubtropicalwaters.Interestingly,thetwoAntarcticmoltingspecies,thebluepetrelandthin-billedprion,renewedtheirplumageatthesametimeandwithinthesameoceaniczonethatislikelytobeapreviouslyundescribedhotspotofseabirddiversitydurintheAustralautumn.Thestudycontributestoagrowingbodyofevidencethatclosely-relatedspeciesexhibitvariousforagingstrategiesallowingecologicalsegregationandshedsnewlightonthepoorlyknowncriticalmoltingstagefseabirds

Combination of At-Sea Activity, Geolocation and Feather Stable Isotopes Documents Where and When Seabirds Molt