English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Crude oil contamination of soil and water resources is a widespread issue. The present study evaluated the degradation of aliphatic hydrocarbons (C 11 –C 36 ) in crude oil by 17 bacteria isolated from a crude oil–contaminated soil. The results suggested that  Pseudomonas  sp. and  Bacillus amyloliquefaciens  were the best hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria in the presence of surfactant Tween-80 (0.1% w/v). Based on the present investigation and a previous study,  Pseudomonas  sp. +  B. amyloliquefaciens  and fungus  Aspergillus sydowii  were identified as best oil degraders and were immobilized in alginate–bentonite beads, guargum–nanobenonite water dispersible granules (WDGs), and carboxy methyl cellulose (CMC)–bentonite composite. Sandy loam soil was fortified with 1, 2, and 5% crude oil, and total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) degradation efficiency of free cultures and bio-formulations was evaluated in sandy loam soils. Compared to a half-life (t 1/2 ) of 69.7 days in the control soil (1% oil), free cultures of  Pseudomonas  sp. +  B. amyloliquefaciens  and  A. sydowii  degraded TPH with t 1/2  of 10.8 and 19.4 days, respectively. Increasing the oil content slowed down degradation, and the t 1/2  in the control and soils inoculated with  Pseudomonas  sp. +  B. amyloliquefaciens  and  A. sydowii  was 72.9, 14.7, and 22.2 days (2%) and 87.0, 23.4, and 30.8 days (5%), respectively. Supplementing soil with ammonium sulfate (1%) enhanced TPH degradation by  Pseudomonas  sp. +  B. amyloliquefaciens  (t 1/2 –10 days) and  A. sydowii  (t 1/2 –12.7 days). All three bio-formulations were effective in degrading TPH (1%), and the t 1/2  was 10.7–11.9 days ( Pseudomonas  sp. +  B. amyloliquefaciens  and 14–20.2 days ( A. sydowii ) and were at par with free cultures. Microbial diversity analysis based on taxonomic markers and functional markers suggested that the bioaugmentation process helped keep soil in the active stage and restored the original microbial population to some extent. The present study concluded that bio-formulations of crude oil–degrading microbes can be exploited for its degradation in the contaminated environment.

frontiers in environmental science

Free and Immobilized Microbial Culture–Mediated Crude Oil Degradation and Microbial Diversity Changes Through Taxonomic and Functional Markers in a Sandy Loam Soil