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As considered carbon-free, the use of nuclear energy for thermal energy generation may expand in the future, with the guarantee of safe operation of the nuclear reactor. In a nuclear reactor pressure vessel (RPV), the nozzle area is an important part of the safe operation. It bears internal pressure, axial force, and overall moment, and at the same time bears higher stress than the rest of the vessel. To assess the integrity of the nozzle structure with a crack under combined load, an accurate solution of stress intensity factors (SIF) along the crack front is necessary. To obtain the SIF, this paper proposes a solution method that uses the stress on the crack surface and the response surface method to fit the stress under the framework of the linear superposition technique. This method is the first choice to determine a series of influence coefficients under unit pressure load. Then, one can estimate the SIFs by superposition method for an arbitrary stress distribution resulted from combined loads. The proposed solution is verified for a typical RPV with cracks under internal pressure, axial force, and global bending moment. The results reveal that the proposed solution is in good agreement with the existing solutions under internal pressure. Therefore, it can be obtained that this solution can be effectively used for the structural integrity assessment of RPV with nozzle corner cracks.

A New Stress Intensity Factor Solution Based on the Response Surface Method for Nozzle Corner Cracks in Nuclear Reactor for Thermal Energy Generation