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Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with intellectual disability, hyperactivity, and autism. FXS is due to the silencing of the X-linked  FMR1  gene. Murine models of FXS, knock-out (KO) for the murine homolog  Fmr1 , have been generated, exhibiting CNS-related behavioral, and neuronal anomalies reminiscent of the human phenotypes. As a reflection of the almost ubiquitous expression of the  FMR1  gene, FXS is also accompanied by physical abnormalities. This suggests that the  FMR1- deficiency could impact skeletal ontogenesis. In the present study, we highlight that  Fmr1- KO mice display changes in body composition with an increase in body weight, likely due to both increase of skeleton length and muscular mass along with reduced visceral adiposity. We also show that, while  Fmr1- deficiency has no overt impact on cortical bone mineral density (BMD), cortical thickness was increased, and cortical eccentricity was decreased in the femurs from  Fmr1- KO mice as compared to controls. Also, trabecular pore volume was reduced and trabecular thickness distribution was shifted toward higher ranges in  Fmr1- KO femurs. Finally, we show that  Fmr1 -KO mice display increased physical activity. Although the precise molecular signaling mechanism that produces these skeletal and bone microstructure changes remains to be determined, our study warrants further investigation on the impact of  FMR1 -deficiency on whole-body composition, as well as skeletal and bone architecture.

Fmr1-Deficiency Impacts Body Composition, Skeleton, and Bone Microstructure in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome