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Kisspeptin receptors are G-Protein-Coupled Receptors that regulate GnRH synthesis and release in vertebrates. Here, we report the gene structure of two kisspeptin receptors ( kissr2  and  kissr3 ) in pejerrey fish. Genomic analysis exposed a gene structure with 5 exons and 4 introns for  kissr2  and 6 exons and 5 introns for  kissr3 . Two alternative variants for both genes, named  kissr2_v1  and  _v2 , and  kissr3_v1  and  v2 , were revealed by gene expression analyses of several tissues. For both receptors, these variants were originated by alternative splicing retaining intron 3 and intron 4 for  kissr2_v2  and  kissr3_v2 , respectively. In the case of  kissr2 , the intron retention introduced two stop codons leading to a putatively truncated protein whereas for  kissr3 , the intron retention produced a reading shift leading to a stop codon in exon 5. Modeling and structural analysis of Kissr2 and Kissr3 spliced variants revealed that truncation of the proteins may lead to non-functional proteins, as the structural elements missing are critical for receptor function. To understand the functional significance of splicing variants, the expression pattern for  kissr2  was characterized on fish subjected to different diets. Fasting induced an up-regulation of  kissr2_v1  in the hypothalamus, a brain region implicated in control of reproduction and food intake, with no expression of  kissr2_v2 . On the other hand, fasting did not elicit differential expression in testes and habenula. These results suggest that alternative splicing may play a role in regulating Kissr2 function in pejerrey.

Evidence of Alternative Splicing as a Regulatory Mechanism for Kissr2 in Pejerrey Fish