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Purpose:  Coronary artery disease (CAD) and atrial fibrillation (AF) often coexist and lead to a much higher risk of mortality in the elderly population. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score could predict the risk of death in elderly patients with CAD and AF.   Methods:  Hospitalized patients aged ≥65 years with a diagnosis of CAD and AF were recruited consecutively. Patients were divided into 5 groups according to the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score (≤2, =3, =4, =5, and ≥6). At least a 1-year follow-up was carried out for the assessment of all-cause death.   Results:  A total of 1,579 eligible patients were recruited, with 582 all-cause deaths (6.86 per 100 patient-years) occurring during a follow-up of at least 1 year. With the increase in the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score, the 1-year and 5-year survival rate decreased (96.4% vs. 95.7% vs. 94.0% vs. 86.5% vs. 85.7%, respectively,  P  &amp;lt; 0.001; 78.4% vs. 68.9% vs. 64.6% vs. 55.5% vs. 50.0%, respectively,  P  &amp;lt; 0.001). Compared with the patients with CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score &amp;lt;5, for patients with CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score ≥5, the adjusted hazard ratio for death was 1.78 (95% CI: 1.45–2.18,  P  &amp;lt; 0.001). The predictive values of the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score ≥5 for in-hospital (C-index = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.62–0.69,  P  &amp;lt; 0.001), 1-year (C-index = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.63–0.67,  P  &amp;lt; 0.001) and 5-year (C-index = 0.60, 95% CI: 0.59–0.61,  P  &amp;lt; 0.001) death were in comparable.   Conclusion:  In elderly patients with concomitant CAD and AF, the CHA 2 DS 2 -VASc score can be used to predict death with moderate accuracy.

Assessment of the CHA2DS2-VASc Score for the Prediction of Death in Elderly Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Atrial Fibrillation