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The molecular epidemiology and biological characteristics of  Escherichia coli  associated with hemorrhagic pneumonia (HP) mink from five Chinese Provinces were determined. From 2017 to 2019, 85  E. coli  strains were identified from 115 lung samples of mink suffering from HP. These samples were subjected to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility, detection of virulence genes, phylogenetic grouping, whole-genome sequencing, drug resistant gene, multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and biofilm-forming assays.  E. coli  strains were divided into 18 serotypes. Thirty-nine  E. coli  strains belonged to the O11 serotype. Eighty-five  E. coli  strains were classified into seven phylogenetic groups: E (45.9%, 39/85), A (27.1%, 23/85), B1 (14.1%, 12/85), B2 (3.7%, 3/85), D (3.7%, 3/85), F (2.4%, 2/85) and clade I (1.2%, 1/85). MLST showed that the main sequence types (STs) were ST457 (27/66), All  E. coli  strains had ≥4 virulence genes. The prevalence of virulence was 98.8% for  yijp  and  fimC , 96.5% for  iucD , 95.3% for  ompA , 91.8% for  cnf-Ⅰ , 89.4% for  mat , 82.3% for  hlyF , and 81.2% for  ibeB.  The prevalence of virulence genes  iss ,  cva/cvi ,  aatA ,  ibeA ,  vat ,  hlyF , and  STa  was 3.5–57.6%. All  E. coli  strains were sensitive to sulfamethoxazole, but high resistance was shown to tetracycline (76.5%), chloramphenicol (71.8%), ciprofloxacin (63.5%) and florfenicol (52.9%), resistance to other antibiotics was 35.3–16.5%. The types and ratios of drug-resistance genes were  tet(A), strA, strB, sul2, oqxA, blaTEM-1B, floR, and catA1  had the highest frequency from 34%-65%, which were consistent with our drug resistance phenotype tetracycline, florfenicol, quinolones, chloramphenicol, the  bla-NDM-I  and  mcr-I  were presented in ST457 strains. Out of 85  E. coli  strains, six (7.1%) possessed a strong ability, 12 (14.1%) possessed a moderate ability, and 64 (75.3%) showed a weak ability to form biofilm. Our data will aid understanding of the epidemiological background and provide a clinical basis for HP treatment in mink caused by  E. coli .

Molecular Epidemiology of Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli Causing Hemorrhagic Pneumonia in Mink in Northern China