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Proline-glutamic acid (PE)- and proline-proline-glutamic acid (PPE)-containing proteins are exclusive to  Mycobacterium tuberculosis  ( MTB ), the leading cause of tuberculosis (TB). In this study, we performed global transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) on PPE57-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and control samples to quantitatively measure the expression level of key transcripts of interest. A total of 1367 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were observed in response to a 6 h exposure to PPE57, with 685 being up-regulated and 682 down-regulated. Immune-related gene functions and pathways associated with these genes were evaluated, revealing that the type I IFN signaling pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway in our RNA-seq dataset, with 14 DEGs identified therein including  ISG15, MX2, IRF9, IFIT3, IFIT2, OAS3, IFIT1, IFI6, OAS2, OASL, RSAD2, OAS1, IRF7 , and  MX1 . These PPE57-related transcriptomic profiles have implications for a better understanding of host global immune mechanisms underlying  MTB  infection outcomes. However, more studies regarding these DEGs and type I IFN signaling in this infectious context are necessary to more fully clarify the underlying mechanisms that arise in response to PPE57 during  MTB  infection.

frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

Transcriptional Profiling of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Stimulated by Mycobacterium tuberculosis PPE57 Identifies Characteristic Genes Associated With Type I Interferon Signaling