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Intestinal parasites are a global problem, mainly in developing countries. Obtaining information about plants and compounds that can combat gastrointestinal disorders and gastrointestinal symptoms is a fundamental first step in designing new treatment strategies. In this study, we analyzed the antiamoebic activity of the aerial part of  Croton sonorae . The dichloromethane fraction of  C. sonorae  (CsDCMfx) contained flavonoids, terpenes, alkaloids, and glycosides. The ultrastructural morphology of the amoebae treated for 72 h with CsDCMfx was completely abnormal. CsDCMfx reduced erythrophagocytosis of trophozoites and the expression of genes involved in erythrocyte adhesion ( gal/galnac lectin ) and actin cytoskeleton rearrangement in the phagocytosis pathway ( rho1 gtpase  and  formin1 ). Interestingly, CsDCMfx decreased the expression of genes involved in  Entamoeba histolytica  trophozoite pathogenesis, such as cysteine proteases ( cp1 ,  cp4 , and  cp5 ),  sod ,  pfor , and  enolase.  These results showed that  C. sonorae  is a potential source of antiamoebic compounds.

frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

The Dichloromethane Fraction of Croton sonorae, A Plant Used in Sonoran Traditional Medicine, Affect Entamoeba histolytica Erythrophagocytosis and Gene Expression