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Salmonella  spp. are a major cause of foodborne illness throughout the world. Traditional serotyping by antisera agglutination has been used as a standard identification method for many years but newer nucleic acid-based tests have become available that may provide advantages in workflow and test turnaround time. In this study, we evaluated the Luminex® xMAP®  Salmonella  Serotyping Assay (SSA), a multiplex nucleic acid test capable of identifying 85% of the most common  Salmonella  serotypes, in comparison to the traditional serum agglutination test (SAT) on 4 standard strains and 255 isolates from human (224), environmental, and food (31) samples. Of the total of 259 isolates, 256 could be typed by the SSA. Of these, 197 (77.0%) were fully typed and 59 (23.0%) were partially typed. By SAT, 246 of the 259 isolates (95%) were successfully typed. Sixty isolates had discrepant results between SAT and SSA and were resolved using whole genome sequencing (WGS). By SAT, 80.0% (48/60) of the isolates were consistent with WGS while by SSA 91.7% (55/60) were partially consistent with WGS. By serovar, all 30 serovars except one tested were fully or partially typable. The workflow comparison showed that SSA provided advantages over SAT with a hands-on time (HOT) of 3.5 min and total turnaround time (TAT) of 6 h, as compared to 1 h HOT and 2–6 days TAT for SAT. Overall, this study showed that molecular serotyping is promising as a rapid method for  Salmonella  serotyping with good accuracy for typing most common  Salmonella  serovars circulating in China.

Comparison of xMAP Salmonella Serotyping Assay With Traditional Serotyping and Discordance Resolution by Whole Genome Sequencing