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The iron acquisition system is an essential virulence factor for human infection and is under tight regulatory control in a variety of pathogens. Ferric-uptake regulator (Fur) is one of Fe 2+ -responsive transcription factor that maintains iron homeostasis, and the regulator of capsule synthesis (Rcs) is known to regulate exopolysaccharide biosynthesis. We speculate the Rcs may involve in iron-acquisition given the identified regulator box in the upstream of  entC  that participated in the biosynthesis of enterobactin. To study the coregulation by RcsAB and Fur of  entC , we measured the β-galactosidase activity and relative mRNA expression of  entC  in WT and mutant strains. The RcsAB- and Fur-protected regions were identified by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) and a DNase I footprinting assay. A regulatory cascade was identified with which Fur repressed  rcsA  expression and reduced RcsAB and  entC  expression. Our study demonstrated that  entC  was coregulated by two different transcriptional regulators, namely, RcsAB and Fur, in response to iron availability in  Klebsiella pneumoniae .

RcsAB and Fur Coregulate the Iron-Acquisition System via entC in Klebsiella pneumoniae NTUH-K2044 in Response to Iron Availability