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Haemophilus parasuis  is a common opportunistic pathogen known for its ability to colonize healthy piglets and causes Glässer's disease. The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) of  H. parasuis  is a potential virulence-associated factor. In this study, two putative glycosyltransferases that might be involved in LOS synthesis in  H. parasuis  SC096 were identified ( lgtB  and  lex-1 ). Mutants were constructed to investigate the roles of the  lgtB  and  lex-1  genes. The LOS from the Δ lgtB  or Δ lex-1  mutant showed truncated structure on silver-stained SDS-PAGE gel compared to the wild-type strain. The Δ lgtB  and Δ lex-1  mutants were significantly more sensitive to 50% porcine serum, displaying 15.0 and 54.46% survival rates, respectively. Complementation of the  lex-1  mutant restored the serum-resistant phenotype. Additionally, the Δ lgtB  and Δ lex-1  strains showed impaired ability to adhere to and invade porcine kidney epithelial cells (PK-15). The above results suggested that the  lgtB  and  lex-1  genes of the  H. parasuis  SC096 strain participated in LOS synthesis and were involved in serum resistance, adhesion and invasion.

Two Glycosyltransferase Genes of Haemophilus parasuis SC096 Implicated in Lipooligosaccharide Biosynthesis, Serum Resistance, Adherence, and Invasion