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A new approach to enhance the sensitivity of transition metal ion based nanocrystalline luminescent thermometer is presented. It was shown that the increase of Cr 3+  concentration in three types of garnet host namely Y 3 Al 5 O 12 , Y 3 Ga 5 O 12 , and Y 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12  allows for significant enhancement of their performance in non-contact thermometry. This phenomenon is related to the weakening of the crystal field strength due to enlargement of average Cr 3+ -O 2−  distance at higher Cr 3+  concentrations. By increasing Cr 3+  concentration from 0.6 to 30%, the sensitivity increased by over one order of magnitude from  S  = 0.2%/°C to  S  = 2.2%/°C at 9°C in Y 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12  nanocrystals. Moreover, it was found that due to the Cr 3+  → Nd 3+  energy transfer in the Cr 3+ , Nd 3+  co-doped system, the usable Cr 3+  concentration, for which its emission can be detected, is limited to 10% while the sensitivity at −50°C was doubled (from 1.3%/°C for Y 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 :10%Cr 3+  to 2.2%/°C Y 3 Al 2 Ga 3 O 12 :10%Cr 3+ , 1%Nd 3+  nanocrystals).

frontiers in chemistry

The Impact of Cr3+ Doping on Temperature Sensitivity Modulation in Cr3+ Doped and Cr3+, Nd3+ Co-doped Y3Al5O12, Y3Al2Ga3O12, and Y3Ga5O12 Nanothermometers