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The complete hydrolysis of xylan can be facilitated by the coordinated action of xylanase and other de-branching enzymes. Here, a GH43 α- l -arabinofuranosidase/β-xylosidase (CAX43) from  Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus  was cloned, sequenced, and biochemically investigated. The interaction of the enzyme with various substrates was also studied. With a half-life of 120 h at 70°C, the produced protein performed maximum activity at pH 6.0 and 70°C. The enzyme demonstrated a higher activity (271.062 ± 4.83 U/mg) against  para  nitrophenol ( p NP) α-L-arabinofuranosides. With xylanase (XynA), the enzyme had a higher degree of synergy (2.30) in a molar ratio of 10:10 (nM). The interaction of the enzyme with three substrates,  p NP α-L-arabinofuranosides,  p NP β-D-xylopyranosides, and sugar beet arabinan, was investigated using protein modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. During the simulation time, the root mean square deviation (RMSD) of the enzyme was below 2.5 Å, demonstrating structural stability. Six, five, and seven binding-interacting residues were confirmed against  p NP α-L-arabinofuranosides,  p NP β-D-xylopyranosides, and arabinan, respectively, in molecular docking experiments. This biochemical and  in silico  study gives a new window for understanding the GH43 family’s structural stability and substrate recognition, potentially leading to biological insights and rational enzyme engineering for a new generation of enzymes that perform better and have greater biorefinery utilization.

Biochemical and Molecular Dynamics Study of a Novel GH 43 α-l-Arabinofuranosidase/β-Xylosidase From Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus DSM8903