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A multitude of human nutritional supplements based on  Chlorella vulgaris  biomass has recently been introduced to the specialty food market. In this study, an analysis of total folate contents in  Chlorella  sp. and a series of marine microalgae was conducted to evaluate folate content in alternative algae-based food production strains. For the first time, total folate content and vitamer distribution in microalgae were analyzed by stable isotope dilution assay (SIDA) using LC-MS/MS, which has demonstrated its superiority with respect to folate quantification. Consistently, high folate contents were detected in all examined microalgae samples. High folate concentrations of 3,460 ± 134 μg/100 g dry biomass were detected in freshly cultivated  Chlorella vulgaris , notably also in other well-researched microalgae strains. To that end, the highest folate content currently documented for any algae sample was measured in the marine microalgae  Picochlorum  sp. isolate with values of 6,470 ± 167 μg/100 g dry biomass. This calls for alternative products based on other algae biomass. Our data indicate that freshwater and marine microalgae provide extremely high concentrations of folates, which warrant further studies on the regulation of pteroylpolyglutamates in algae as well as on bioaccessibility, absorption, and retention in humans.

Microalgae a Superior Source of Folates: Quantification of Folates in Halophile Microalgae by Stable Isotope Dilution Assay