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Microalgal biomass can be used for biodiesel, feed, and food production. Collection and identification of local microalgal strains in the Northern Territory, Australia was conducted to identify strains with high protein and lipid contents as potential feedstock for animal feed and biodiesel production, respectively. A total of 36 strains were isolated from 13 samples collected from a variety of freshwater locations, such as dams, ponds, and streams and subsequently classified by 18S rDNA sequencing. All of the strains were green microalgae and predominantly belong to  Chlorella  sp.,  Scenedesmus  sp.,  Desmodesmus  sp.,  Chlamydomonas  sp.,  Pseudomuriella  sp.,  Tetraedron caudatum ,  Graesiella emersonii , and  Mychonastes timauensis . Among the fastest growing strains,  Scenedesmus  sp. NT1d possessed the highest content of protein; reaching up to 33% of its dry weight. In terms of lipid production,  Chlorella  sp. NT8a and  Scenedesmus dimorphus  NT8e produced the highest triglyceride contents of 116.9 and 99.13 μg mL −1  culture, respectively, as measured by gas chromatography–mass spectroscopy of fatty acid methyl esters. These strains may present suitable candidates for biodiesel production after further optimization of culturing conditions, while their protein-rich biomass could be used for animal feed.

High Protein- and High Lipid-Producing Microalgae from Northern Australia as Potential Feedstock for Animal Feed and Biodiesel