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The in vitro degradation of magnesium (Mg) alloys containing low levels of strontium (Sr, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.2 wt.%) with and without additions of zinc (Zn, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.%), was studied for potential use in orthopaedic fracture treatments. Sr-containing Mg-alloys were selected as a promising strategy to utilise the biological role of Sr through alloying, to induce accelerated bone tissue growth. The influence of controlled alloying upon degradation rate was studied via electrochemical measurements and immersion tests in minimum essential medium (MEM). Immersion testing revealed a comparable degradation rate of the alloys tested herein, indicating no detrimental effect of Sr on degradation. Cytotoxicity experiments on primary mouse osteoblasts indicated good biocompatibility and enhanced proliferation of osteoblasts for all the tested Mg alloys. Potentiodynamic polarisation testing further confirmed that low-level additions of Sr imparted a minor influence on cathodic kinetics, with a slight inhibition of anodic kinetics. In contrast, the addition of Zn as a ternary element moderated both anodic and cathodic kinetics of Mg-Sr alloys.

In vitro evaluation of biodegradable magnesium alloys containing micro-alloying additions of strontium, with and without zinc