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Due to the increasing complexity of aeronautical systems, it became more and more important to detect accurately failures that may occur, avoiding costs with maintenance and time out of operation. With the aid of modeling techniques and computational software, it became possible to analyze systems behaviors under normal and failures conditions, helping to prevent these problems. In this work, an aircraft anti-skid brake system is considered as a study case. Therefore, the aircraft dynamics and the main elements of the hydraulic brake system, such as servo valve, hydraulic line and brake actuator, are modeled and simulated using the software Simulink®. The integration of the hydraulic brake system model with the aircraft braking dynamics is made, being possible to simulate the aircraft anti-skid control system. In the hydraulic brake system model, some common faults are introduced in order to observe its impacts on the aircraft braking performance. A fault detection and isolation (FDI) method based on analytical redundancy relations (ARRs) is proposed. The ARRs are equations relating the system constraints, receiving as inputs the system behavior model parameters, sources and measurements (sensors readings as sources). The numerical evaluation of these equations generates the residuals. The residual value indicates the systems deviation level from its normal operation. The coupling of the Simulink® system behavior model with the ARRs is presented, permitting the residual analyses for each failure mode introduced in the hydraulic brake system model.

Aircraft Braking Dynamics and Brake System Modeling for Fault Detection and Isolation