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Underground coal gasification (UCG) is a cl ean coal technology which converts coal into a combustible gas in situ without mining and without bringing up the ash contained in the coal. Thus, the attendant problems of coal washing, ash handling and disposal can be avoided. The combustible gas mixture, consisting primarily of hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide--all of which are fuels for an solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system-and carbon dioxide, can be fed to a battery of SOFC after gas cleaning to remove hydrogen sulphide and other impurities. A large portion, typically 50%, of the chemical energy contained in the product gas can be converted into electrical energy by the SOFC. The exhaust gases from the SOFC are typically at a temperature of the order of 600 to 800 deg C. Heat energy from these will be extracted to produce steam, part of which will be used for UCG and the rest will be sent for SOFC internal reforming and shifting reactions. The exhaust gases, consisting primarily of carbon dioxide and steam, will be finally fed through a condenser and will then be sent for compression and sequestration. Thus, the overall system envisaged makes use of oxygen-fed UCG and SOFC to generate electrical energy and an exhaust gas consisting primarily of carbon dioxide and the easily condensable steam which enables CO2 sequestration. The overall integrated system can be divided into five units namely underground coal gasification, UCG product gas purification, electrical power generation from SOFC, heat recovery system and carbon sequestration unit. An energy analysis with heat integration of all the systems for a nominal 500 MWt will be discussed.

Clean Coal Utilization Based on Underground Coal Gasification Integrated Solid Oxide Fuel Cells and Carbon dioxide Sequestration