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Cancer is a growing health problem with substantial mortality. A high mortality reflects high incidence, late detection and inadequate management. The objective of this study is to examine the time changes of mortality rate of cancer in Basrah. The results presented in this article are all based on officially registered cancer deaths in Basrah Governorate on selected years. Cancer of lung and bronchus, breast cancer, CNS tumors, all types of leukemia, secondaries of unknown primary site, urinary bladder cancer, stomach cancer, cancer of pancreas and cancer of liver and biliary system were the leading causes of cancer related death and accounted for 68.7%. The time trend showed some tendency for mortality rates to increase over years for most cancers except a noticeable decline in recent years. In conclusion, cancer is a major cause of death in Basrah accounting for nearly 10% of all officially registered deaths. An initial modest increase followed by some tendency to decrease in mortality rate is noticed. Further comprehensive studies are highly recommended. Introduction ancer represents an important and growing health problem. The risk in general is higher in developed countries compared to developing countries. The cause-specific mortality rate associated with cancer, however, is higher in developing countries mainly due to inadequate management. In Basrah governorate extensive efforts were made to quantify the risk and mortality of cancer over the last decades and evidence from published work indicates modest increase in incidence rates of most cancers and relatively high mortality. A significant question is always asked; Did cancer increase in Basrah over years? The answer to this question remained inconclusive despite some evidence on a modest rising risk. In this paper we attempt to examine the change in cancer risk over years through the examination of mortality rates as a proxy measure of incidence rate. The main justification behind the use of mortality data is the fact that death certification is obligatory in Iraq. Death certificates contain important section on the cause of death. The ascertainment of death event is definite but the documentation of cause of death leaves some doubt on its accuracy. Cancer as a cause of death is likely to be better documented as it is visible disease both to doctors and to the public. The present article was prepared to examine the time changes of mortality rate of cancer in Basrah. Methods The data used in this article were all obtained with kind permission from Basrah Cancer Research Group (BCRG) data base and from statistical sections in Basrah Directorate General of Health Services. Mortality data used in this article are routine data-based retrospectively compiled covering all C

A CHANGING PATTERN OF CANCER–RELATED MORTALITY IN BASRAH