English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)1. INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATION FOR THE STUDYLand compensation for settlers relocated as a result of a development project such as the Bakun Hydroelectric Dam project is not a straight forward issue. Jehom (2008) found that settlers are often not adequately compensated. The inadequate compensation creates dissatisfaction among settlers as land is an integral part of their culture. Land provides a flow of multiple services to people dependent on land. These include livelihood opportunities, forests for hunting ground, ancestral burial grounds and other services (Sovacool and Valentine, 2011). Land is thus more than just an asset and requires closer attention in valuation activities. The settlers value the land as part of theirlife and land brings a broader meaning to their existence. Any attempts at compensation thus require a broader and richer understanding of land in the lives of the people involved in resettlement. Land is considered a part of the culture for the native people (Jehom, 2008) representing security and standing in society (Mahalingam and Vyas, 2011). Thus valuation of land requires the consideration of the non-use value aspects of land.There are two contributions from this study. The first is with regard to the factors that determine land compensation gap. What factors determine the land compensation gap between the compensation awarded and what settlers consider adequate for the relocation? Understanding the factors will enable policy makers to reduce the land compensation gap and thus increase the satisfaction of the settlers. While there are numerous studies analyzing the resettlement impacts of dams, less attention has been paid to the study of determinants of land compensation gap in Malaysia. Only a few studies are available on the estimation of use values and non-use values in affecting land compensation gap. (Jehom, 2008; Swainson & McGregor, 2008; Akca, Fujikura & Sabbag, 2013; Fujikura & Nakayama 2013) These authors used post project surveys and descriptive statistics to describe the compensation given. However, the empirical evidence making that connection between the compensation gap and the use and nonuse values is meager.Second, this study contributes to the work on the land compensation policy by providing insights on reducing land compensation gap and enabling the progress forward on sustainable development in Malaysia. Most of the land compensations are not adequate because the compensation focused on use values alone (Swainson & McGregor, 2008). Use values are like house values, land values which have prices operating on the market place. Non-use values are like social and cultural values which have no market values. This study provides a more comprehensive understanding of the determinants of land compensation gap by incorporating the use values and non-use values in determining total compensation.1.1. Overview of Bakun Hydroelectric Dam CaseBakun hydroelectric dam was first proposed in 1980s to exploit the potential of Sarawak Rivers. It is the biggest hydroelectric dam project in Southeast Asia. It has eight giant turbines. Bakun hydroelectric dam project has an installed capacity of 2400 megawatts and expected to generate electricity for about 30-50 years. The dam is on the Balui River, 37km upstream of Belaga in Sarawak, Malaysia. The surface area of the lake of Bakun Hydroelectric Dam is 695 sq km, about the size of Republic of Singapore (Ling, 2011). The costs of the project were estimated to be RM 15 billion though many argued that the costs are between RM25 to RM30 billion. The current cost of the project is RM7.2 billion (Banji, 2011a). Bakun Hydroelectric dam project is owned by federal government but is managed by Sarawak Hidro Sdn Bhd- a unit under the Ministry of Finance (Sibon, 2011).1.2. Resettlement Caused by Construction of Bakun DamThe Bakun project has necessitated the relocation of 10000 people. …

LAND COMPENSATION GAP FOR THE RESETTLEMENT OF THE INDIGENOUS COMMUNTIES IN BAKUN HYDROELECTRIC DAM