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Four bacterial strains isolated from spoiled seaf oods were identified, and their growth temperature ranges were determined. Proteolytic activity on nutrient agar plus 1% skim milk and lipolytic activity on butterfat in Crossley's agar were determined under various conditions of incubation for 2 weeks at 5, 15 and 25C. Pseudomonas fluorescens S-1 was isolated at the cell number of 2.4x105 per gram from a spoiled common mackerel (Scomber japonicus). This strain was a gram negative aerobic rod with polar flagella, and produced diffusible fluorescent pigment and arginine dihydrolase. The strain was psychrotrophic, having a growth temperature range from 0 to 30C with the optimum temperature at about 25C. The strain showed both proteolysis and lipolysis within 2 days at 25C, within 4 days at 15C, and within 14 days at 5C. Bacillus subtilis S-8 was isolated at the cell number of 1. 1 x 108 per gram from a spoiled neon flying squid (Ommastraphes bartrami). This strain was a gram positive endosporeforming rod, and hydrolyzed gelatin, starch and casein. The strain showed both proteolysis and lipolysis within one day at 25C, within 3 days at 15C, and within 4 days at 5C. Staphylococcus epidermidis S-6 was isolated at the cell number of 5. 5 x 107 per gram from a spoiled black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon). This strain was a gram-positive yellow pigmented coccus. It grew on mannitol salt agar, but it did not produce lecithinase or coagulase. Both proteolysis and lipolysis of the strain were positive within 2 days at 25C. The proteolysis at 5 and 25C was negligible. Alcaligenes sp. S-4 was isolated at the cell number of 6. 1 x 106 per gram from a spoiled black tiger shrimp. This strain was a gram negative aerobic coccal rod with peritrichous flagella. Its coenzyme Q system was Q-8, its GC content of DNA was 57. 8 mol. The strain demonstrated neither proteolysis nor lipolysis. These 4 bacterial strains will be employed as test strains for microbiological and chemi-

Proteolytic and Lipolytic Activities of Bacteria Isolated from Spoiled Seafoods