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Dexmedetomidine does not appear to have any direct effects on the heart. A biphasic cardiovascular response has been described after the application of dexmedetomidine. The administration of a bolus of 1μg/kg dexmedetomidine initially results in a transient increase of the blood pressure and a reflex decrease in heart rate, especially in younger, healthy patients. The initial reaction can be explained by the peripheral α2B-adrenoceptor stimulation of vascular smooth muscle and can be attenuated by a slow infusion over 10 or more minutes. Patients were randomly allotted to each of study group, based on a computer generated random number table using Microsoft excel. 150 patients with 50 in each group of ASA (American Society of Anaesthesiologists) physical status I & II patients aged between 18-55 years undergoing elective surgical procedures, lasting between 1 and 1⁄2 hour to 4 hour, under general anesthesia requiring endotracheal intubation were enrolled for study. There was statistically significant (p<0.001) differences among group A, B & C with respect to extubation quality scale and also there was clinically significant difference among the three groups. Extubation quality was superior in decreasing order in group C (Dexmedetomidine); group B (Fentanyl) and group a (control group). Group C had best extubation quality, while group A had relatively poor extubation quality.

A study on comparison of extubation quality scale between fentanyl and dexmedetomidine