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Suspension-feeding bivalves are often included in environmental monitoring because oftheir trophic position, widespread occurrence and sensitivity to a wide range of environmental fac-tors. Therefore various indices of bivalve condition and growth have been developed, including mor-phometric condition indices (CI), scope for growth (SFG) and nucleic acid ratios (RNA:DNA ratio,RNA:protein ratio or RNA concentration). The sensitivity of these 3 indices has not previously beencompared in the same individual bivalves, yet they are likely to have different temporal scales ofdetectable response to environmental processes. In 2 laboratory experiments (10 and 24 d duration)we investigated the combined effect of food availability and sublethal hypoxia on RNA concentration,CI and SFG in juvenile clams Paphies australis . RNA and CI increased rapidly (5 d) following expo-sure to high food treatment, but only CI showed a negative influence of hypoxia. Although SFG wasaffected by both food availability and hypoxia, the patterns were opposite to those of RNA and CI.This anomaly could be explained by the instantaneous change in feeding rates and a slower responsein respiration rate (which was correlated with CI) to the uniform conditions under which SFG wasdetermined. Our results emphasise the importance of combined effects of environmental factors onbivalve growth, highlighting the overriding influence of food availability, and imply that a combina-tion of measures will give a more accurate representation of growth rate.KEY WORDS: Nucleic acid ratios · RNA · Condition index · Scope for growth · Food availability ·Hypoxia ·

Effects of food availability and hypoxia on bivalves: the value of using multiple parameters to measure bivalve condition in environmental studies