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Sediment spiked with 14 C-2,2', 4, 4'-tetrabrominated diphenyl ether (BDE-47) was added as a single pulse, at a low or a high concentration, to intact soft-bottom sediments in a box-cosm system. The vertical distribution of the pollutant and the bioaccumulation in 39 different taxa of macro- fauna were analysed after 10, 20 and 29 wk exposure. Throughout the experimental period, 90% of the recovered BDE-47-derived radioactivity in the sediment was found within the upper 5 cm. The BSAF (biota-sediment accumulation factor) in the different taxa after 29 wk exposure varied between 0.4 and 16.3. The correlation between bioaccumulation and lipid content of all individual specimens in each box-cosm was significantly positive and explained between 11 and 64% of the variation. When the fauna was divided into groups with different feeding strategies, it was found that the mean BSAF was significantly higher for the surface deposit-feeders than for the suspension-feeders, subsurface feeders and the predators. The difference increased with time and was larger after 29 wk exposure than after 10 wk. We also tested whether there was a correlation between 15 N enrichment, i.e. trophic position, in the analysed species and bioaccumulation, but no such correlation was found. Water-soluble metabolites of BDE-47 were detected in 15 of the 39 macrofaunal species. There was no observable correlation between the presence of metabolites in the macrofauna and bioaccumulation of the pollutant.

Distribution of a tetrabrominated diphenyl ether and its metabolites in soft-bottom sediment and macrofauna species