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The North Sea ecosystem has recently under- gone dramatic changes, observed as altered biomass of indi- vidual species spanning a range of life forms from algae to birds, with evidence for an approximate doubling in the abun- dance of both phytoplankton and benthos as part of a regime shift after 1987. Remarkably, these changes, in part recorded in the Phytoplankton Colour Index of the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey, are notable as episodic shifts occurring in 1988/89 and 1998 imposed on a gradual decadal trend. These biological events are shown to be a response to coin- cident changes in oceanic input and water temperature. Geo- strophic transports have been calculated from a hydrographic section across the Rockall Trough, and a time series of sea- surface temperature derived from satellite observations. The 2 pulses of oceanic incursion into the North Sea in circa 1988 and 1998 coincided with strong northward advection of anom- alously warm water at the edge of the continental shelf.

Pulses in the eastern margin current and warmer water off the north west European shelf linked to North Sea ecosystem changes