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Between January 1995 and August 1996, suspended matter and zooplankton were sam- pled at different locations in a mangrove ecosystem located in the Gautami Godavari estuary and adjacent Kakinada Bay (Andhra Pradesh, India). Suspended matter was sampled at 13 different sta- tions, and was found to have a highly variable carbon stable isotope composition, with δ 13 C values ranging overall between -30.94 and -19.18 ‰, and a highly variable elemental (C:N) composition. Our data suggest that the phytoplankton component has a seasonally and spatially variable δ 13 C sig- nature, which is surpressed by the terrestrial signal but may at times fall in the same range as the δ 13 C of the allochtonous matter. It is argued that the phytoplankton δ 13 C decreases after the onset of the monsoon rains, most likely due to the 13 C-depletion of the DIC pool caused by the microbial respira- tion of the allochtonous organic matter. At each of the 4 sites selected for concurrent zooplankton sampling, the zooplankton showed a much wider range of δ 13 C than did the suspended matter, with overall δ 13 C values between -30.14 and -16.45‰. In addition, spatial differences in average δ 13 C were much more pronounced for zooplankton than for total suspended matter. These data indicate that zooplankton feed on a component of the suspended matter pool, which has more pronounced seasonal and spatial δ 13 C variations than the total suspended matter. Thus, despite the large amounts of terrestrial and mangrove detritus present in the water column, the locally produced phytoplankton appears to be a more important carbon source for the zooplankton.

Sources of suspended organic matter and selective feeding by zooplankton in an estuarine mangrove ecosystem as traced by stable isotopes