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The influence of predators on populations of the sea urchin Evechlnus chlorot~cus in northeastern New Zealand was investigated by companng densltles, population size structure, and crevice occupancy in manne reserve ('protected') and exploited locality palrs There was no overall dlfference in sea urchin density between protected and exploited localities, but population slze structures were generally more bimodal in the protected localities Size-related patterns of crevice occupancy d ~ d not vary consistently between protected and exploited locahty pairs The effects of protection were most pronounced in the Cape Rodney Okakan Polnt (CROP) Manne Reserve, where relative to the adjacent fished area (1) sea urchln densities weie -3 times lower, (2) slze structures were more bimodal and (3) sea urchlns remained crevice-bound to larger slzes (-40 mm test diameter) Sea urchin transplant experments showed hlgher losses of 30 to 40 mm test dlameter E chorotjcus at a protected locality than a fished locahty Tests of adult sea urchins were heavler at sites in the reserve relative to the fished reference area We suggest that predatory flshes, which were larger and more numerous in the reserve, were the cause of the differences A strong bimodal size structure persisted and density declined over 10 yr at one site in CROP Manne Reserve We suggest that generahs~ng from reserve studles to exploited areas may lead to erroneous conclusions

Indirect effects of protection from exploitation:patterns from populations of Evechinus chloroticus (Echinoidea) in northeastern New Zealand