English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Two 30 d long static toxicity tests were performed on small spat (2 to 3 mm in length) of the estuarine bivalve Scrobicularia plana (da Costa): the effects of tributyltin (TBT) and copper on the survival and burying actklty in sand of juveniles were monitored in 1991, and growth and burying activity as affected by TBT were investigated on a sample of a different cohort in 1992. Results showed that an (concentration killing 50% of the population considered) could be set for TBT at < 1.3 pg Sn 1' (as analysed), while exposure to up to 80 pg Cu 1.' did not result in increased mortalities with respect to the controls. Every dose of TBT tested In 1991 (nominal 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 pg Sn l") irnpalred the burying activity of spat significantly from Day 6, and Cu concentrations at 20 1-19 1-' and above also increased the burying time of juveniles by the end of the experiment; the no-observed-effect concentration (NOEC) for Cu was the lowest dose tested (i.e. 10 pg I-'). In 1992 the effect of 4 lower TBT concentrations (nominal 50, 125, 250 and 500 ng Sn I ' ) on the juvenile burying activity was somewhat inconsistent; however, burying time of individuals exposed to 500 ng Sn I-' was always higher than that estimated to be characteristic of spat at initiation of the test. In addition, juvenile growth (weight gain) was significantly reduced by all TBT concentrations (i.e. lowest range of 12 to 43 ng Sn I-', as analysed). It is concluded that TBT has probably caused the &sappearance of some S. plana populations in the UK; similarly, organotin may have also caused the decline in S. plana abundance in populations from elsewhere in Europe.

Chronic toxicity of water tributyltin (TBT) and copper to spat of the bivalve Scrobiculaha plana: ecological implications