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Dilution experiments were performed to quantify growth and mortality rates of\udphytoplankton groups (as defined by pigment markers) for 5 wk in an iron-induced phytoplankton\udbloom during the European Iron Fertilization Experiment (EIFEX) conducted in the Southern\udOcean. Rates could be reliably measured for the 2 main groups, diatoms and prymnesiophytes.\udMean phytoplankton intrinsic growth rates were around 0.23 d−1, without a significant temporal\udtrend. Mortality rates, however, decreased with time (from ~0.3 to ~0.06 d−1), leading to an\udincrease in decoupling between phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing. The\uddecrease in grazing was correlated with the decrease in concentrations of small microprotozooplankton\ud(<60 μm). As a consequence, net growth in the dilution experiments increased from\udaround 0 d−1 up to 0.13 d−1 in the last days of the experiment, 35 d after the initial iron fertilization.\udThis pattern did not reflect the dynamics of net phytoplankton accumulation in the fertilized\udpatch, which increased until Days 24 to 27 and decreased thereafter. The difference between\udexperimental and natural phytoplankton net growth is the biomass that escapes microzooplankton\udgrazing and does not accumulate in the surface mixed layer, i.e. the biomass that went to higher\udtrophic levels plus that exported out of the mixed layer. It increased throughout EIFEX and suggests\uda shift from a predominantly recycling system towards a more exporting one

marine ecology. progress series

Progressive decoupling between phytoplankton growth and microzooplankton grazing during an iron-induced phytoplankton bloom in the Southern Ocean (EIFEX)