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The small pogonophore Siboglinum poseidoni, which lives in symbiosis with intracellular methanotrophic bacteria, was investigated with respect to its oxidation of higher homologues of methane. Ethane and propane were readily consumed if supplied together with methane and, at a considerably lower rate, in the absence of methane. Consumption of butane could not be detected. The addition of ethane or propane in equal amounts to methane always resulted In a decrease in methane consumption rate. Like all methanotrophic bacteria the endosymbionts of S. posejdoni are also capable of ammonia oxidation. Homogenates of bacteria-containing posterior parts of this organism incubated with ammonia or hydroxylamine oxidized these compounds to nitrite, while symbiont-free anterior parts were nearly inactive in this respect. Ammonia in high concentrations (> 0.05 %) had an inhibitory effect on methane oxidation rates of S. poseidoni. The relevance of these activities in the natural habitat of this pogonophore is discussed. Since ethane and propane are present only as constituents of gas adsorbed to sediment particles and only in low concentrations compared to methane, the in situ utilization of these compounds is unlikely. Ammonia, however, being present at concentrations about 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of methane, could well serve as an additional energy source, especially in periods of low methane supply.

Oxidation of various potential energy sources by the methanotrophic endosymbionts of Siboglinum poseidoni (Pogonophora)