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The porcelain crabs Petrol~sthes cinctipes (Randall) and P. eriomerus Stimpson are sympatric on exposed rocky shores in the northeastern Pacific These species often exhibit a striking pattern of non-overlapping vert~cal distributions, wlth P. eriomerus inhabiting low Intertidal and subtidal areas and P. cinctipes occurring in the middle and high intert~dal. Transplant experiments revealed that P. enomerus was unable to tolerate displacement as l~ t t le as 0 3 m above ~ t s normal limit, while in contrast its congener showed good survival and growth when caged at lower levels. The 2 species were equally susceptible to desiccat~on; however, P. enomerus was extremely sens~tive to thermal stress during periods of aerial exposure, and thermal tolerance varied inversely with size. Abiot~c factors also control the d~stnbution of P. cinctipes; t h ~ s pecies was competitively dominant in laboratory experiments, suggesting the lower limit is not due to ~nteractions w ~ t h its congener. Rather, this d ~ s t n b u t ~ o n is l ~ n k e d to sudden changes in substrate composition, involving an actlve avo~dance of rocks resting on sand or s ~ l t as demonstrated through f~e ld manipulation of substrate beneath rock patches. Patterns of resource (space) pa r t~ t ion~ng beneath rocks are largely a passive consequence of phys~olog~cal constraints and substrate preferences by adults, maintamed In part through gregarious settlement by megalopae of both species

Intertidal zonation among congeners: factors regulating distribution of porcelain crabs Petrolisthes spp. (Anomura. Porcellanidae)