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Since 1980 the stock of Norwegian spring-spawning herring Clupea harengus has increased 10-fold to >5 × 10 6 t. This increase has probably played a vital role in repeated collapses in the capelin Mallotus villosus stock in the Barents Sea since the mid-1980s. After several decades of increase during a period of high capelin abundance in the Barents Sea, the population of black- legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla breeding in northern Norway started to decline in the early 1980s, reaching rates of -8% yr -1 since 1995. Earlier studies in the southwestern Barents Sea suggested that the black-legged kittiwakes in the region were dependent on capelin as prey for successful breeding. This study further documents a positive relationship between diet composition and fish abundance, and the negative effect that a switch to feeding on herring in the absence of capelin has had on chick provisioning and possibly fledging success.

marine ecology. progress series

Food web interactions in the southwestern Barents Sea: black-legged kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla respond negatively to an increase in herring Clupea harengus