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The oxidation of organic carbon by bacteria in tropical seagrass communities was studied in austral summer 1986-87. The major seagrass species were Enhalus acoroides, Syringodium isoetifolium, Cymodocea serrulata, Thalassia hemprichii and Cymodocea rotundata. Seagrass gross productivity, determined by a lacuna1 gas technique, ranged from 0.5 to 4.3 g C m-' d-l. In comparison, gross community productivity, measured from diurnal changes in 02 concentration in the water column, ranged from 4 to 9 g C m-' 6'. Macroalgae, epibenthic and epiphytic algae made the major contribution to gross primary production in the communities studied, contributing 40 to 90 % of gross primary production. Most of the primary production was utilized by hydrolytic and fermentative bacteria and was ultimately oxidized by sulphate-reducing bacteria. Hydrolytic (aerobic) and fermentative bacterial productivity, determined from rates of incorporation of tritiated thymidine into DNA, ranged from 3 to 13 g C m-' d-l (integrated over a depth of 12 cm in the sediment). The highest rates of sulphate reduction, determined with 35S, coincided with the below-ground distribution of seagrass roots and rhizomes. Between 1.7 and 2.2 g C m-' d-l was oxidized to CO2 by the sulphate-reducing bacteria; this is equivalent to 30 to 80 % of the net community productivity.

marine ecology. progress series

Organic carbon decomposition, primary and bacterial productivity, and sulphate reduction, in tropical seagrass beds of the Gulf of Carpentaria, Australia