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Occurrence of Pirenella conica (Prosobranchia) along the coasts of Sinai and Israel is confined to marine lagoons and bays (Red Sea) and to hypersaline landlocked lagoons (Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea). The upper salinity tolerance limit lies between 80 and 90 '/m S. Trematode infection of snails > 5 mm in length varies between 83 V" and 0 in different biotopes, without showing seasonal fluctuation. Trematode infection is affected by physical conditions, size, location and fauna1 diversity of the habitat. The recorded types of larval trematodes belong to the families: Heterophyidae, Echinostomatidae, Microphallidae, Notocotylidae, Haploporidae, Haplosplanchnidae, and, apparently, Cyathocotylidae and Strigeidae. Through experimental infestation of grey mullets and mice. 3 types of heterophyids were identified: Heterophyes heterophyes, H. aequalis and Stictodora sawakinensis. Transmission of these heterophyids takes place in sea-linked lagoons of the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, where all the hosts CO-occur Unlike in the Nile Delta region, along the scarcely populated arid coasts of Sinai, they should have sylvatic cycles where wild piscivorous birds and mammals serve a s definitive hosts.

Distribution of the Snail Pirenella conica in Sinai and Israel and its Infection by Heterophyidae and Other Trematodes