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Attraction of fledgling shearwaters, petrels, and storm-petrels to artificial light hasbeen documented for decades on islands around the world and is considered a significant threatto many species. Although large numbers of downed birds have been observed after being disori-ented by light, several important elements of this ‘fallout’ phenomenon are unknown, includingthe locations along the path from nest to ocean at which attraction and/or disorientation occursand whether fledglings can be attracted back to land after reaching the ocean in numbers largeenough to contribute significantly to fallout. To investigate these questions, we compared ob -served Newell’s shearwater Puffinus newelli fallout records (from 1998 to 2009) on Kauai, USA,with expected numbers generated from several hypothetical models containing basic assumptionsrelated to fledgling movement and attraction to light. Based on our results, the spatial pattern ofobserved fallout is consistent with the amount of light that fledglings may view along their firstflights to and beyond the coastline. This suggests that even fledglings from dark regions of theisland may not be safe because they may view light after reaching the ocean and still be suscepti-ble to attraction. These findings support recent modeling efforts predicting that most birds fledgingfrom Kauai are likely exposed to at least some anthropogenic light. As nocturnal use of light byhumans is unlikely to be eliminated, research on the types of artificial light that are both useful tohumans and safe for seabirds may be crucial for the conservation of these important marine animals.KEY WORDS: Anthropogenic light · GIS-based modeling · Hawaii · Kauai · Light attraction ·Procellariiformes · Newell’s shearwater · Seabird conservation

Using observed seabird fallout records to infer patterns of attraction to artificial light