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During 1992 and 1993, a bacterial disease occurred in a seawater Atlantic salmon  Salmo salar  farm, causing serious mortalities. The causative agent was subsequently named as  Oceanivirga salmonicida , a member of the  Leptotrichiaceae . Searches of 16S rRNA gene sequence databases have shown sequence similarities between  O. salmonicida  and uncultured bacterial clones from the digestive tracts of marine mammals. In the current study, oral samples were taken from stranded dolphins (common dolphin  Delphinus delphis , striped dolphin  Stenella coeruleoalba ) and healthy harbour seals  Phoca vitulina . A bacterium with growth characteristics consistent with  O. salmonicida  was isolated from a common dolphin. The isolate was confirmed as  O. salmonicida , by comparisons to the type strain, using 16S rRNA gene,  gyrB, groEL,  and  recA  sequence analyses, average nucleotide identity analysis, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Metagenomic analysis indicated that the genus  Oceanivirga  represented a significant component of the oral bacterial microbiomes of the dolphins and seals. However, sequences consistent with  O. salmonicida  were only found in the dolphin samples. Analyses of marine mammal microbiome studies in the NCBI databases showed sequences consistent with  O. salmonicida  from the common dolphin, striped dolphin, bottlenose dolphin  Tursiops truncatus , humpback whale  Megaptera novaeangliae , and harbour seal. Sequences from marine environmental studies in the NCBI databases showed no sequences consistent with  O. salmonicida . The findings suggest that several species of marine mammals are natural hosts of  O. salmonicida .

Marine mammals are natural hosts of Oceanivirga salmonicida, a bacterial pathogen of Atlantic salmon