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Juvenile rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss exposed to waterborne live cutthroat trout virus (CTV) showed increased resistance to experimental challenge with infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV). Pre-exposure to CTV caused a relative percent survival (RPS) of 70 when compared to CTV-mock-treated groups challenged with IHNV. Additionally, the mean day to death was 10 d for CTV-exposed versus 8 d for the CTV-mock-treated group. Protection was obtained following exposures as brief as 5 min but was greatest among trout exposed for 1 h to CTV and then challenged 1 wk later with IHNV. Protection was observed for up to 4 wk following CTV exposures but absent at 6 wk. Concentrations of serum anti-IHNV neutralizing antibodies were significantly higher (p = 0.007) among trout previously exposed to CTV when compared to the mock-treated group 5 wk following challenge with IHNV. Both groups (CTV and CTV-mock) surviving the first IHNV exposure were solidly protected to a second IHNV challenge. The mechanisms for the viral mediated resistance induced by CTV is unknown, but the virus was shown to be a potent inducer of interferon-like activity in anterior kidney cells isolated from rainbow trout.

diseases of aquatic organisms

Induction of protection from infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss by pre-exposure to the avirulent cutthroat trout virus (CTV)