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Bacterial abundance and assimilation of 3 H-leucine were examined using a combination of microautoradiography and fluorescent in situ hybridization (Micro-FISH) to determine the bacterioplankton community structure and estimate the contribution of major bacterial groups to total bacterial biomass production (leucine incorporation) from the Pearl River mouth to the open water area in the South China Sea. Alpha-, beta-, gamma-proteobacteria and the Cytophaga-Flavo- bacterium cluster differed substantially in their relative abundance and contribution to leucine assim- ilation along the salinity gradient. The contribution of major bacterial groups to leucine assimilation was closely associated with their relative abundance in the communities. Alpha-proteobacteria were the dominant group in the high-salinity water in terms of abundance and 3 H-leucine assimilation, whereas beta-proteobacteria were more important in fresh water. At all stations, gamma-proteobac- teria were a minor component, but the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium cluster was always a significant component in both marine and freshwater systems. The relative abundance of bacterial groups explained the variation in 3 H-leucine assimilation by the major bacterial groups to a great extent. At the singlebacterial group level, a statistically significant correlation between abundance and leucine- uptake activity was observed for beta-proteobacteria, suggesting that the relative abundance of beta- proteobacteria in bacterioplankton communities was controlled by growth-related processes. In general, the numerical dominance of the major phylogenetic groups and their contribution to total bacterial biomass production varied consistently along the salinity gradient in the South China Sea.

Contribution of major bacterial groups to bacterial biomass production along a salinity gradient in the South China Sea