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Stable carbon isotope values of otoliths can provide long-term records of the environmen- tal conditions experienced by fish. However, because otoliths contain carbon from metabolic sources, it is necessary to determine the proportion of metabolically derived carbon to properly interpret otolith δ 13 C values. To evaluate the relative influence of dietary carbon and the dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) of ambient seawater on the δ 13 C isotopic composition of fish otoliths, juvenile red drum Sci- aenops ocellatus were raised for 6 and 9 mo in tanks with flow-through ambient seawater and fed diets differing by 2.1‰ (p < 0.001) in carbon isotope composition (δ 13 C). At the end of the experiment, muscle tissue from the 2 treatments reflected the isotopic composition of the diets and differed by 2.1‰ (p <0.001). Muscle tissue from both groups was enriched by 1.5‰ in 13 C relative to the respec- tive diets. The carbon isotope values of otoliths were enriched by ~16 to 17‰ relative to the respective diets, indicating that DIC was the dominant source (85 to 92%) for otolith carbon relative to carbon derived from diet. However, otoliths from the 2 treatments differed by 1.26‰ and expressed 60% of the difference in the isotope values of the diets. This result indicates that the nutritional characteristics of food may be a factor influencing the incorporation of metabolic carbon in the otolith. This is one of the first studies to provide evidence that the nutritional value of food influences otolith δ 13 C value.

Influence of diet on stable carbon isotope composition in otoliths of juvenile red drum Sciaenops ocellatus