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TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) expressions were studied in primary human brain astrocytes in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines. When astrocytes were treated with IL-1beta, TNF-alpha or IFN-gamma, TRAIL was induced in cultured fetal astrocytes. In particular, IFN-gamma induced the highest levels of TRAIL in cultured astrocytes. When astrocytes were pre-treated with IFN-gamma, they induced apoptosis in TRAIL-sensitive Peer cells. Our results suggest that IFN-gamma modulates the expression of TRAIL in astrocytes, which may enhance cytotoxic sensitivity of infiltrating immune cells or brain cells other than astrocytes during inflammation of brain.

Human Brain Astrocytes Mediate TRAIL-mediated Apoptosis after Treatment with IFN-γ