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Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/ CT) is a scanning technique that combines the advantages of two different scanning modalities and provides both anatomic and functional information. PET/CT using 18F-deoxyglucose (FDG) is generally employed for the diagnosis and staging of malignancy. The use of PET/CT as an evaluation tool has increased rapidly, not only for diagnosis but also for monitoring therapeutic effects, detecting local recurrence, and screening (1). Therefore, incidental thyroid lesions with focal and diffuse FDG uptake are frequently detected in patients undergoing PET/CT (1). Lee et al. (2) reported that the frequency of finding incidental thyroid lesions with PET/CT in patients with non-thyroidal cancer was 8.4% (226/2703). Normal thyroid glands are typically not envisioned in a whole body PET scan because of the very low-grade FDG uptake. Hence, focally increased FDG uptake in the thyroid typically suggests malignancy. According to Bae et al. (1), both malignant and benign thyroid lesions can show focal and diffuse FDG uptake. Furthermore, lesions with increased FDG uptake in the neck are common. When lesions having increased FDG uptake are detected in a patient with underlying cancer, a malignancy, such as metastasis, is strongly suspected. However, these lesions do not always indicate malignancy. Numerous causes of false positives in PET/CT interpretation have been reported, such as physiologic uptake, increased FDG uptake by Benign Thyroid and Neck Lesions Mimicking Malignancy with False Positive Findings on Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography   (Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography)