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Calcium silicates are porous, large surface area ultra-light minerals, whose diversity comes from close Ca/Si ratios. Anhydrate calcium silicate (C-S) wollastonite and hydrate calcium silicates (C-S-H) xonotlite and tobermorite are common varieties. The structures whose economic production is limited are widely used as heat insulation and fire resistant especially in places that require special shaped passive fire protection (PFP) plate. In use as cement additive, in addition to its effects on the strength properties of concrete, it also creates serious effects especially on the hydration process. By using CaO as a calcium and silica fume as a silica sources, with different Ca/Si (0.83, 1.00) and water/solid (10, 15) ratios in synthesis suspensions, directly or after the 4 hour pre-reaction under different temperature (40 C < T <80 C) synthesis of calcium silicate structures were carried out at an autogenous pressure of 200 C applying or non-applying filtration after the pre-reaction. The products obtained were dried at room temperature, in oven at 60 C and -110 C freeze-drying techniques. Higher mass loss was observed with synthesis at 80 C pre-reaction temperature and tobermorite phase synthesis condition. The removal of structural water and –OH which took place above 250 oC was found more tobermorite phase synthesis feed ratio sample. Typical C-S-H crystal peaks were detected in X-ray diffraction patterns. The decomposition of calcium hydrosilicate crystals in 320-600 C and phase transforms between 800-875 C had been observed. The increase in success of xonotlite synthesis with pre-reaction temperatures was seen in X-ray diffraction peaks. The slight decreases in the descriptive peaks intensities were observed for samples synthesized at 40 and 80 C pre-reaction temperatures and calcined at 300 C, while even the most severe peak decreased significantly in samples calcined at 700 C.

Effect of Synthesis Parameters on Thermal Behaviour and Crystalline Structures of Calcium Silicate Minerals